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Integrated Wheel Ends

Tomorrow's Technician

Ford’s Integrated Wheel End (IWE) first hit the market in 2004 on the F-150, Expedition and Lincoln Navigator. Symptoms The leading customer complaint will be clicking, ratcheting or grinding noises when the truck is in 2WD mode. The solenoid is located on the passenger’s side behind the battery on older trucks.

Trucking 130
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Locking Hubs and Axles

Brake & Front End

Ford’s Integrated Wheel End (IWE) first hit the market in 2004 on the F-150, Expedition and Lincoln Navigator. Symptoms The leading customer complaint will be clicking, ratcheting or grinding noises when the truck is in 2WD mode. The solenoid is located on the passenger’s side behind the battery on older trucks.

Trucking 130
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Diesel Emissions of Passenger Cars

Hollenshades Auto Service

In 1999, the US EPA announced new Tier 2 NOx limits of 0.07gm per mile to replace the existing Tier 1 limits of 1.0gm per mile that were phased in from 2004 to 2009. Vehicle manufacturers with large cars and trucks powered by diesel engines can afford to fit after-treatment for the NOx: urea injection SCR (Selective Catalytic Reduction).

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