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Ford’s Integrated Wheel End (IWE) first hit the market in 2004 on the F-150, Expedition and Lincoln Navigator. Symptoms The leading customer complaint will be clicking, ratcheting or grinding noises when the truck is in 2WD mode. The solenoid is located on the passenger’s side behind the battery on older trucks.
Ford’s Integrated Wheel End (IWE) first hit the market in 2004 on the F-150, Expedition and Lincoln Navigator. Symptoms The leading customer complaint will be clicking, ratcheting or grinding noises when the truck is in 2WD mode. The solenoid is located on the passenger’s side behind the battery on older trucks.
In 1999, the US EPA announced new Tier 2 NOx limits of 0.07gm per mile to replace the existing Tier 1 limits of 1.0gm per mile that were phased in from 2004 to 2009. Vehicle manufacturers with large cars and trucks powered by diesel engines can afford to fit after-treatment for the NOx: urea injection SCR (Selective Catalytic Reduction).
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